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1 .Polaris: A System for Query, Analysis, and Visualization
of Multidimensional Relational Databases
Chi-Hsien (Eric) Yen, Oct. 23
3 .Timeline
◉ 2002: Polaris paper published (Chris Stolte, Diane Tang, and Pat Hanrahan)
◉ 2003: Tableau Founded (Chris Stolte, Pat Hanrahan, and Christian Chabot)
◉ 2013: IPO launched ($250M)
◉ 2016: Full year revenue is $826.9M
◉ Now: A worldwide company with 80+ offices and 3000+ employees
Interesting to see a research project turned into a global company in 15 years!
4 . Motivation
◉ Allow analysts to rapidly specify and change visualizations to
explore large multidimensional databases
● Easier to find trends, patterns, outliers, etc. in visualizations
● Hypothesis testing and experimenting
● Communicate insights and knowledge
5 . Main Contributions
◉ A unified way to specify visualizations
● Table Algebra
● Type of Graphics
● Visual Properties
◉ An intuitive interface with useful features
6 .Visualization Specification - Table Algebra
◉ Specify the x, y, z axes of the table using the fields
● X: columns
● Y: rows
● Z: layers
◉ Actual graph depends on types of fields
7 .Visualization Specification - Table Algebra
◉ Types of data:
● Ratio (quantitative)
● Interval
● Ordinal
● Nominal
8 .Visualization Specification - Table Algebra
◉ Types of data:
● Ratio (quantitative) <-> measure
● Interval -> quantitative
● Ordinal
● Nominal -> ordinal <-> dimension
Q: Is there any issue?
9 .Visualization Specification - Table Algebra
◉ Operands: fields
● Quarter (O), Product (O), Profit (Q), Sales (Q)
◉ Operators:
● Concatenation (+)
● Cross (x)
● Nest (/)
10 .Visualization Specification - Table Algebra
11 .Visualization Specification - Table Algebra
12 . Visualization Specification - Graphics
◉ Depends on types of fields
● Ordinal - Ordinal
● Ordinal - Quantitative
● Quantitative - Quantitative
Follow-up Research Paper: automatic presentation*
Mackinlay, J. D., Hanrahan, P., & Stolte, C. (2007). Show me: Automatic presentation for visual analysis.
Visualization and Computer Graphics, IEEE Transactions on, 13(6), 1137-114
13 . Visualization Specification - Graphics
◉ Automatic rules
Mackinlay, J. D., Hanrahan, P., & Stolte, C. (2007). Show me: Automatic presentation for visual analysis.
Visualization and Computer Graphics, IEEE Transactions on, 13(6), 1137-114
14 . Visualization Specification - Graphics
◉ Automatic rules
Mackinlay, J. D., Hanrahan, P., & Stolte, C. (2007). Show me: Automatic presentation for visual analysis.
Visualization and Computer Graphics, IEEE Transactions on, 13(6), 1137-114
15 . Visualization Specification - Visual Properties
◉ Encode additional fields into visual properties, such as
shape, size, orientation, color, etc.
16 . Visualization Specification - Visual Properties
Related Works: visual variable accuracy*
Mackinlay, J.D.: Automating the Design of Graphical Presentations of Relational Information,
Computer Science Department, Stanford University, 1986
17 . Interface & Features
◉ Deriving Additional Fields
● Aggregation
● Counting
● Discrete Partitioning
● Grouping
● Threshold aggregation
◉ Sorting and Filtering
◉ Brushing and Tooltips
◉ Undo and Redo
18 . Generating Database Queries
◉ Step1: Select Data
19 . Generating Database Queries
◉ Step2: Partitioning data into panes
20 . Generating Database Queries
◉ Step3: Data transformation
21 .Evaluation - Financial Analysis of a Coffee Chain
22 .Evaluation - Financial Analysis of a Coffee Chain
23 .Evaluation - Financial Analysis of a Coffee Chain
24 . Limitations?
◉ No actual performance evaluation or usability tests
◉ Limited to 2D visualizations
◉ Does not suggest graph specification (beyond two fields)
◉ Other ideas?
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